在腾讯云服务器上体验Docker-白红宇

在腾讯云服务器上体验Docker

阅读量：7035 次

发布时间：2019-06-28

本文共 8892 字，大约阅读时间需要 29 分钟。

文章原文链接：

来源：腾云阁

在上安装和运行 Docker

1. 添加Docker repository key

sh -c "wget -qO- https://get.docker.io/gpg | apt-key add -"

2. 添加Docker repository，并安装Docker

sh -c "echo deb http://get.docker.io/ubuntu docker main > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list"apt-get updateapt-get install lxc-docker

3. 检查Docker是否已安装成功

docker version

基本使用

1.安装 ubuntu 镜像

docker pull ubuntu

开始下载 ubuntu 镜像, 大概需要10分钟左右

Pulling repository ubuntu9cbaf023786c: Pulling dependent layersa9561eb1b190: Pulling dependent layers195eb90b5349: Pulling dependent layers2185fd50e2ca: Pulling dependent layersc5881f11ded9: Pulling dependent layers463ff6be4238: Pulling dependent layers3db9c44f4520: Pulling dependent layers511136ea3c5a: Download complete500cae81e00f: Downloading [=========================================>         ] 58.63 MB/70.36 MB 1m6s

查看一下当前的镜像列表

docker imagesREPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZEubuntu              14.10               2185fd50e2ca        2 days ago          237.2 MBubuntu              utopic              2185fd50e2ca        2 days ago          237.2 MBubuntu              14.04               9cbaf023786c        2 days ago          192.8 MBubuntu              14.04.1             9cbaf023786c        2 days ago          192.8 MBubuntu              trusty              9cbaf023786c        2 days ago          192.8 MBubuntu              latest              9cbaf023786c        2 days ago          192.8 MBubuntu              12.04.5             a9561eb1b190        2 days ago          120.2 MBubuntu              precise             a9561eb1b190        2 days ago          120.2 MBubuntu              12.04               a9561eb1b190        2 days ago          120.2 MBubuntu              12.10               c5881f11ded9        3 months ago        172.2 MBubuntu              quantal             c5881f11ded9        3 months ago        172.2 MBubuntu              13.04               463ff6be4238        3 months ago        169.4 MBubuntu              raring              463ff6be4238        3 months ago        169.4 MBubuntu              saucy               195eb90b5349        3 months ago        184.7 MBubuntu              13.10               195eb90b5349        3 months ago        184.7 MBubuntu              10.04               3db9c44f4520        5 months ago        183 MBubuntu              lucid               3db9c44f4520        5 months ago        183 MB

执行一个命令

docker run ubuntu:12.10 ls -lh /total 68Kdrwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4.0K Oct 16  2012 bindrwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4.0K Oct  9  2012 bootdrwxr-xr-x   4 root root  340 Oct 16 15:51 devdrwxr-xr-x  44 root root 4.0K Oct 16 15:51 etcdrwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4.0K Oct  9  2012 homedrwxr-xr-x  11 root root 4.0K Oct 16  2012 libdrwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4.0K Oct 16  2012 lib64drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4.0K Oct 16  2012 mediadrwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4.0K Oct  9  2012 mntdrwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4.0K Oct 16  2012 optdr-xr-xr-x 128 root root    0 Oct 16 15:51 procdrwx------   2 root root 4.0K Oct 16  2012 rootdrwxr-xr-x   5 root root 4.0K Oct 16  2012 rundrwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4.0K Jun 18 21:54 sbindrwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4.0K Jun 11  2012 selinuxdrwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4.0K Oct 16  2012 srvdr-xr-xr-x  13 root root    0 Oct 16 15:51 sysdrwxrwxrwt   2 root root 4.0K Oct 16  2012 tmpdrwxr-xr-x  11 root root 4.0K Oct 16  2012 usrdrwxr-xr-x  14 root root 4.0K Oct 16  2012 var

2.登录到 docker 里面去

docker run -i -t ubuntu:12.10 /bin/bashroot@bb55c85e1b34:/# uname -aLinux bb55c85e1b34 3.5.0-52-generic #78~precise1-Ubuntu SMP Wed Jun 11 17:14:53 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linuxroot@bb55c85e1b34:/# ip addr25: lo: 
    
      mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo    inet6 ::1/128 scope host       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever26: eth0: 
     
       mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000    link/ether 12:6d:9c:14:76:82 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff    inet 172.17.0.9/16 scope global eth0    inet6 fe80::106d:9cff:fe14:7682/64 scope link       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

3.安装 openssh-server

ubuntu 默认的源在腾讯云主机上无法访问, 所以要把源改成腾讯云的源, 登录到 docker 里面去发现里面连 vi 编辑器都没有, 没办法, 只能把主机的文件映射到 docker 里面去, 然后 cp

下面的命令把主机的 /etc 映射到 docker 的/opt/etc 目录, 并且运行 bash

docker run -i -t -v /etc:/opt/etc ubuntu:12.10 /bin/bash

进入 docker 后把主机的 sources.list 文件 copy 过去, 在 docker 里面执行下面的命令

cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bakcp /opt/etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list

然后再执行 apt 命令安装就没有问题了

apt-get install -y vim openssh-server

设置个 ROOT 密码

root@fc9fe30c21bc:/# passwdEnter new UNIX password:Retype new UNIX password:passwd: password updated successfully

查看下 docker 的ip

root@fc9fe30c21bc:/# ip addr43: lo: 
    
      mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo    inet6 ::1/128 scope host       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever44: eth0: 
     
       mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000    link/ether e2:b9:5a:f8:d5:a1 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff    inet 172.17.0.15/16 scope global eth0    inet6 fe80::e0b9:5aff:fef8:d5a1/64 scope link       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

启动 ssh

root@7e3adf35663f:/# /etc/init.d/ssh restart

从主机上登录

ssh root@172.17.0.15The authenticity of host '172.17.0.15 (172.17.0.15)' can't be established.ECDSA key fingerprint is cf:19:d7:73:02:7e:58:90:08:79:8c:f0:85:2c:a2:9e.Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yesWarning: Permanently added '172.17.0.15' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.root@172.17.0.15's password:Welcome to Ubuntu 12.10 (GNU/Linux 3.5.0-52-generic x86_64) * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com/The programs included with the Ubuntu system are free software;the exact distribution terms for each program are described in theindividual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.Ubuntu comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted byapplicable law.root@fc9fe30c21bc:~#

4.保存对docker的修改

查看下 CONTAINER ID

docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMESfc9fe30c21bc        ubuntu:12.10        "/bin/bash"         11 minutes ago      Up 11 minutes                           evil_turing

保存上一步的 CONTAINER ID 是 fc9fe30c21bc 但是不用全部输入只要保证不重复就可以了
```
docker commit fc9f y109/ubuntue099241dfc1fb31d950b0be4de2fa7a78510022737fe8cc81a913bdd4a244a95
```

确认镜像列表里面有刚刚保存的镜像

docker imagesREPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZEy109/ubuntu         latest              e099241dfc1f        14 seconds ago      316.2 MBubuntu              14.10               2185fd50e2ca        2 days ago          237.2 MBubuntu              utopic              2185fd50e2ca        2 days ago          237.2 MBubuntu              trusty              9cbaf023786c        2 days ago          192.8 MBubuntu              14.04.1             9cbaf023786c        2 days ago          192.8 MBubuntu              14.04               9cbaf023786c        2 days ago          192.8 MBubuntu              latest              9cbaf023786c        2 days ago          192.8 MBubuntu              12.04               a9561eb1b190        2 days ago          120.2 MBubuntu              12.04.5             a9561eb1b190        2 days ago          120.2 MBubuntu              precise             a9561eb1b190        2 days ago          120.2 MBubuntu              quantal             c5881f11ded9        3 months ago        172.2 MBubuntu              12.10               c5881f11ded9        3 months ago        172.2 MBubuntu              raring              463ff6be4238        3 months ago        169.4 MBubuntu              13.04               463ff6be4238        3 months ago        169.4 MBubuntu              13.10               195eb90b5349        3 months ago        184.7 MBubuntu              saucy               195eb90b5349        3 months ago        184.7 MBubuntu              10.04               3db9c44f4520        5 months ago        183 MBubuntu              lucid               3db9c44f4520        5 months ago        183 MB

提交

docker push y109/ubuntuThe push refers to a repository [y109/ubuntu] (len: 1)Sending image list

首次提交会要求登录

Please login prior to push:Username: y109Password:Email: y109@qq.comLogin SucceededThe push refers to a repository [y109/ubuntu] (len: 1)Sending image listPushing repository y109/ubuntu (1 tags)511136ea3c5a: Image already pushed, skippingbac448df371d: Image already pushed, skippingdfaad36d8984: Image already pushed, skipping5796a7edb16b: Image already pushed, skippingc5881f11ded9: Image already pushed, skippinge099241dfc1f: Pushing [===========>                                       ] 32.94 MB/147.3 MB 1m10se099241dfc1f: Image successfully pushed